In the era of complex machine learning models, understanding why a model makes certain predictions has become increasingly important. While traditional approaches focus on global model interpretability, counterfactual explanations offer a unique perspective by answering the question: “What changes would be needed to achieve a different outcome?” [Read More]

The primary goal of a recommender system is to increase “product” sales. Recommender systems are, after all, utilised by merchants to increase their profits. Although the primary goal of a recommendation system is to increase revenue for the merchant, this is often achieved in ways that are less obvious than... [Read More]

The central limit theorem (CLT) is a powerful tool that allows us to make inferences about populations, even if we don’t know the exact distribution of the population. Just wave your wand (i.e., use the CLT) over a sample of data, and the distribution of the sample means will be... [Read More]

The law of large numbers is a statistical theorem that states that as the number of identically distributed, randomly generated variables increases, their sample mean approaches their theoretical mean. [Read More]

Relative estimation is a concept that simply means “comparing two things to each other.” If you’ve ever said something like, “Hey, this tree is twice as tall as that tree,” you already know how to do it. [Read More]